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When it matches,
it's congruent and symmetric

Some shapes end up looking exactly the same as before when folded in half, or spun 180°. Shapes with this special property are called symmetric shapes.

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1Congruent means "exactly the same shape and size"

If two shapes overlap perfectly when placed on top of each other, those two shapes are congruent. The mirrored or rotated image used to make a symmetric shape is always congruent to the original.

2A line-symmetric shape matches "its reflection in a mirror"

Draw a line through the middle of a shape and fold along it — if both halves match perfectly, it's line symmetric. That line is called the axis of symmetry. Neat shapes like a square are the classic example.

3A point-symmetric shape matches "itself rotated 180°"

Mark a point at the center of a shape and spin it 180° around that point — if it matches the original shape perfectly, it's point symmetric. That marked point is called the center of symmetry. A parallelogram is the classic example.

4Line symmetry and point symmetry are different properties

Some shapes have both line and point symmetry (a square), some have line symmetry but not point symmetry (an isosceles trapezoid), and some are the reverse (a parallelogram). Some shapes have neither.

Line symmetry (axis) Point symmetry (center)
The left shape matches when folded; the right shape matches when spun 180° around the center point
Checking with your own eyes whether it matches is the most reliable way.
Don't decide just from the feeling that something "looks neat" — get in the habit of actually mirroring or rotating it to check whether it matches perfectly, and you won't get confused.

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