🧮 Addition and Subtraction With Carrying and Borrowing
When the Ones Place Passes 10, You Carry the Extra
Add 48 and 36, and the sum of the ones digits (8+6=14) goes over 10. When that happens, you bundle 10 of them and send them up to the tens place — this is called carrying. In subtraction, the opposite happens: when the ones place doesn't have enough, you borrow 10 from the tens place — this is called borrowing. Use the sliders to change the two numbers yourself and watch exactly how the blocks move around.
Carrying: First add the ones-place blocks together. If the sum goes over 10, bundle 10 of them into one and send it up to the tens place. Move the sliders to change the two numbers.
First number48
Second number36
48= tens blocks + ones blocks
36= tens blocks + ones blocks
84Final result
Borrowing: If there isn't enough in the ones place to subtract, turn one tens block into 10 ones blocks and borrow it. Move the sliders to change the two numbers.